Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are among the essential properties to be fulfilled by any dental materials. This is to ensure that they are safe for use before they are applied into patient’s oral cavity and onto the teeth. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is one of the biocompatible dental materials widely used clinically in the field of endodontic and restorative dentistry. Nevertheless, MTA has some drawbacks related to its long setting time and it is also very costly. As such, white Portland cement (WPC) has undergone various investigation to determine if it could replace MTA for clinical application. Hence, this special book gives some information related to Malaysian WPC, in particular, and compares its properties with the established commercialized MTA in terms of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. It is hoped that this book will provide the first new insight about Malaysian WPC, which has the potential to be an alternative material for use in clinical dentistry.